Highly Oriented Pyrolytic Graphite (HOPG) Description
HOPG - Highly Oriented Pyrolytic Graphite is the material produced by the application of uniaxial pressure on deposited pyrocarbon at very high temperatures (sometimes more than 3000℃). Depending on deformation, temperature, and annealing time one can get material with different mosaic spreads, amounts of defects, and granular structures (average size of the grains and crystallites). The most suitable HOPG for STM/AFM applications should have large grains and crystallites, a uniform surface with minimal steps (parts of broken carbon planes), and should allow easily cleaving of very thin layers, such that the surface of the sample can be refreshed many times for investigations.
Highly Oriented Pyrolytic Graphite (HOPG) Specifications
Physical Properties
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Spacing of Reflecting Planes (002):
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3.355 - 3.359 Å
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Density:
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2.255 - 2.265 gem-3
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Thermal Conductivity
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16 - 20 Watt/cm K
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Parallell (002):
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ca. 0.8 Watt/cm K
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Perpendicular (002):
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Thermal Expansion
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Slightly negative
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Parallell (002):
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20 x 10-6 / K
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Perpendicular (002):
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Electrical Resistivity
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3.5 - 4.5 x 10-5Ohm cm
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Parallell (002):
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0.15 - 0.25 Ohm cm
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Perpendicular (002):
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- Mosaic spread is the half maximum height peak width of the Cu-Ka
Grade
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Mosaic Spread
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Nominal thickness [mm]**
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Minimum* size [mm]
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Maximum* size [mm]
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ZYA
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0.4° ± 0.1°
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2
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12 x 12
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50 x 50
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ZYB
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0.8° ± 0.2°
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2
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12 x 12
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50 x 75
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ZYD
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1.2° ± 0.2°
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2, 4
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12 x 12
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50 x 75
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ZYH
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3.5° ± 1.5°
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2, 4, 6, 8
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12 x 12
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75 x 75
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* other sizes or specific mosaic spread on request
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** Tolerance ± 0/-1 mm
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Standard radii for singly-bent plates: 115, 225, 250, 510, 790, and 1.300 mm.
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Standard size for bent monochromators (mm):
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12 x 12, 20, 25, 40
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20 x 20, 25, 40, 50
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15 x 15, 25, 40, 50
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25 x 25, 40, 50, 75
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Thickness for bent plates 2 + 0/-1 mm.
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Highly Oriented Pyrolytic Graphite (HOPG) Applications
Scanning Tunneling Microscope-Calibration and Substrate
Graphite Monochromator
X-ray diffraction
Neutron scattering and diffraction
Highly Oriented Pyrolytic Graphite (HOPG) Packaging
Our Highly Oriented Pyrolytic Graphite (HOPG) is carefully handled during storage and transportation to preserve the quality of our product in its original condition.